9/6/22

On average, smokers die 10 years earlier than non-smokers.

Tobacco use is the single most preventive cause of death in the United States.

16.7 million men and 13.6 million women smoke in USA.

While smoking has decreased about 30% in recent years, it has been offset by use of other tobacco products.

2009 law: prevented sponsorship and advertisement of tobacco products.

Smoking produces nicotine, but also 4000 other chemical products. One of them is tar, a residue that is documented to cause lung cancer.

Radon, a radioactive gas, is present in tobacco leaves, and eventually will become a part of tobacco smoke. The radioactive material gets trapped in tiny air sacs in the lungs.

Cigars are worse than cigarettes. 3x risk of dying of cancer for cigar users that inhale the smoke, and 11x increased risk for those that inhale. It has more of the bad stuff.

Bidis:  handrolled cigarettes from India that can be flavored, and have a string on each end. from Southeast Asian countries

Kreteks: cloved cigarettes, they contain cigarette material plus cloves, from Indonesia

There is no evidence that suggests that e-cigarettes promote smoking cessation. 

There are no restrictions for the sale of e-cigarettes to minors. As long as the manufacturers do not claim that the e-cigarette has any therapeutic value.

Risk for e-cigarettes: nicotine addiction. 

leukoplakia = white patches on the gums

1986: Comprehensive Smokeless Tobacco Health Education Act: banned smokeless tobacco advertisements on television and radio, and mandated warnings be placed on the packages. 

Lung cancer is responsible for more deaths than any other cancer, even though it is the most preventable.

Emphysema: walls of air sacs in the lungs lose their elasticity and are gradually destroyed. aka alveolar destruction.

Smoke = increases risk of SIDS, increases risk for infant to have low birth weight

Any exposure to smoke / smoking, even occasional smokers, raises health risks

How to successfully stop smoking: needs to have a predetermined quit date, decreasing cigarette smoking up to the quit date, relying on alternative activities, determining which cigarette will be the most difficult to give up, having a support group, use of nicotine replacement therapy for a source of nicotine while quitting smoking.

Stages of smoking quitting: 1.) precontemplation stage: before thinking about quitting, and thinking that continuing to smoke is still good. 2.) contemplation stage: they understand smoking is bad, but have doubts about quitting. Can last for years. 3.) preparation: smokers made the decision to quit and are preparing to. 4.) Action stage: actively trying to quit smoking. 5.) Maintenance stage: learned to anticipate and handle temptations to smoke. 

TIPS: Tips from Former Smokers: antismoking ads created, shows the devastating effects of smoking. very effective.

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